- Oesophageal doppler cardiac output monitoring
- Transcranial doppler monitoring of cerebral blood flow
- Echocardiography:
- Assessment of cardiac output
- Assessment of valvular dysfunction
- Assessment of diastolic dysfunction
- Assessment of pulmonary artery pressures
- Imaging of vessel patency and flow:
- Detection of arterial or venous thromboses
- Assessment of portal venous flow
- Assessment of renal blood flow
