What are the risk factors for re-expansion pulmonary oedema? How can you prevent and limit re-expansion pulmonary oedema?

  • Young age (<40 years)
  • Lung collapse for >3 days
  • Large pneumothorax (>30% of the single lung)
  • Application of negative pressure suction
  • Rapid lung re-expansion
  • Recognize those at high risk
  • Limiting the rate of fluid drainage (BTS guidance):
    • No more than 500ml per hour
    • Clamp tube for 1 hour after draining 1 litre
    • Drain no more than 1.5 litres at any time
  • Leaving drains of suction initially