What strategies can be used to minimise the stress response?

*Experimental strategies Preoperative Reduction of Psychological Stress & Anxiety:Patient informationPremedication with anxiolyticsOptimal preoperative nutrition & hydrationCarbohydrate loadingPrevention of prolonged fasting Perioperative Anaesthetic...

What are the phases of the stress response?

Classically described as three distinct phases: 1. Ebb Phase 2. Catabolic Flow Phase3. Anabolic Flow Phase Timing: < 24 hours   Characterized by reconstruction of the body’s normal tissue perfusion and efforts to protect homeostasis. In this phase, there is a...

What are the metabolic sequelae of the stress response?

Carbohydrate Metabolism Blood glucose concentrations increase after trauma:Stimulated by cortisol and catecholamineDue to increased hepatic glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesisPeripheral glucose utilisation also decreasesIncrease in concentration proportional to the...