Pancreas Physiology Archives

Describe the structure, secretion, function and regulation of glucagon?

Glucagon Structure, Sythesis & Transport A peptide hormone made of 29 amino acidsFormed as a prohormone named pro-glucagon and cleaved to glucagon Function Key to glucose homeostasis - 'hyperglycaemic catabolic hormone':Actions virtually all in the Liver: Promotes...

Describe the structure, secretion, function and regulation of insulin?

Insulin Structure, Sythesis & Transport A peptide hormone made of 51 amino acidsFormed of 2 chains (α and β) connected by disulphide bridgesSynthesised as proinsulin with chains joined by C-peptideC-peptide excised by endopeptidases in the endoplasmic...

Which hormones are secreted by the endocrine pancreas, and what are the functions?

Hormone Insulin Glucagon Somatostatin Ghrelin Amylin Pancreatic Polypeptide Production Beta (ß) cells Alpha (α) cells Delta (δ) cells Epsilon (E) cells Beta (ß) cells - co-secreted with insulin PP cells -previously upsilon (F) cells Function...

Which structures in the pancreas are dedicated to the endocrine and exocrine functions?

Microscopically divided in to exocrine and endocrine cells: Exocrine Cells Vast majority of pancreatic tissue (99%)Acinar and ductal cells secrete alkaline digestive secretions containing enzymesDrain via pancreatic ductules and ducts which unite with the common bile...

What are the functions of the pancreas?

Exocrine Functions Alkaline secretion to buffer gastric pH:Protects duodenal mucosaProduces optimal pH range for pancreatic enzymesEnzymatic digestion (Trypsin, Amylase, Elastase, Lipase) Endocrine Functions Secretion of hormones to regulate blood sugar (Insulin,...