Vascular Complications
- Extravasation (most common) 1
- Compartment syndrome (if large extravasation or infiltration goes unnoticed) 1
- Embolism (air or fat) 1
Osseous Complications
- Fracture of the target bone 1
- Necrosis of epiphyseal plate 1
- Osteomyelitis 1 - associated with use of hypertonic solutions
- Penetration through posterior cortex
Other
- Pain on insertion
- Skin necrosis
- Cellulitis and local infection
- Injury to local structures