How is haemodynamic instability defined in the setting of high-risk pulmonary embolism?

Cardiac arrest
  • Need for cardiopulmonary resuscitation
Obstructive shock
  • Systolic BP <90 mmHg or vasopressors required to achieve a BP ≥90 mmHg despite adequate filling status
    and
  • End-organ hypoperfusion (altered mental status; cold, clammy skin; oliguria/anuria; increased serum lactate)
Persistent hypotension
  • Systolic BP <90 mmHg or systolic BP drop ≥40 mmHg, lasting longer than 15 min and not caused by new-onset arrhythmia, hypovolaemia, or sepsis
ESC Guidelines

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