- The piezoelectric crystal will change shape when an electrical potential is applied across it 1:
- Dimensions change slightly depending upon the polarity of the applied voltage
- Change in shape causes local changes in pressure, leading to mechanical waves (ultrasonic radiation) being generated 1 at the exact frequency of the applied voltage 1
- The converse effect occurs when pressure is applied to a piezoelectric crystal 1:
- Compressive stress causes a change in dimensions of the crystal
- Generates an output voltage at the frequency of the compressive waves 1
- Allows piezoelectric crystals to act as transducers 1:
- Direct effect converts mechanical energy into electrical energy
- Converse effect converts electrical energy into mechanical energy
