What are the indications for surgical or radiological intervention in managing acute severe pancreatitis?

  • Relieving biliary obstruction (e.g. ERCP) (1)
  • Removing infected intra- and extra-pancreatic necrosis (Necrosectomy) (1)
  • Pancreatic duct disruption (1)
  • Management of symptomatic masses due to pseudocysts or sterile necrosis (1):
    • Gastric outlet or intestinal obstruction
    • Persistent pain