WHO DefinitionThe ability of a microorganism (like bacteria, viruses, and some parasites) to stop an antimicrobial (such as antibiotics, antivirals and antimalarials) from working against it. NICE DefinitionLoss of effectiveness of any anti-infective medicine,...
Intrinsic Resistance Acquired Resistance The innate ability of a type of bacteria species to resist the action of an antibiotic as a consequence of the bacteria's structural or functional properties The result of an evolutionary process by which microorganisms develop...
Intrinsic Resistance Lack of molecular targetLack of transport mechanism required for the antibiotic to enter the cellMembrane impermeability Acquired Resistance Modifications of the antibiotic molecule action Enzymatic alteration /destruction Inhibition of the...
A strain of Staphylococcus aureus that is resistant to all β- lactams antibiotics: Healthcare-acquired strains of MRSA are also MDR, being resistant to other classes of antibiotics such as macrolides and quinolones Often carries the virulence factor Panton-Valentine...
Penicillin-binding protein (PBP) is a form of transpeptidase required for the formation of the bacterial cell wall through cross-bridging of peptidoglycan unit. It is usually found in 4 forms (PBP1-4) Methicillin and other β-lactam antibiotics act by inhibiting PBPs,...
