Causative bacteria for meningitis varies according to age:
Neonates
- Streptococcus agalactiae (Group B)
- Gram –ve bacilli (e.g. E. coli, Klebsiella, Haemophilus influenzae)
- Listeria Monocytogenes
Children 1-24 months
- Neisseria Meningitidis
- Streptococcus pneumonia
- Streptococcus agalactiae (Group B)
- Haemophilus influenza
Older Children & Younger Adults
- Neisseria Meningitidis (22%)
- Streptococcus pneumonia (18%)
- Staphylococcus Aureus (10%)
Older Adults
- As for younger adults
- Listeria Monocytogenes
- Aerobic gram-negative bacilli
- Significant change in aetiology has occurred over recent years due to UK vaccination programmes:
- Incidence of Haemophilus influenzae Type b, serogroup C meningococcus and pneumococcal disease is reducing
- Serogroup B meningococcus is the most common cause in children aged three months or older as there is currently no vaccine available