Renal Indications
Emergency Indications
- Metabolic
- ↑ K+ (>6.5 mmol/L)
- ↑ urea (>40 mmol/L)
- Uraemia with symptoms:
- Pericarditis
- Encephalopathy
- Refractory pulmonary oedema
- Metabolic Acidaemia due to renal failure (pH<7.15)
- Oligo-anuria(<200ml/24 hours)
Non-Emergency Indications
- Acheivement of homeostasis in AKI unresponsive to conservative management
- Acid-base balance
- Solutes
- Fluid
Non-Renal Indications
- Removal of dialysable toxins
- Removal of contrast agent (Less relevant with newer contrast agents)
- Clearance of cytokines to decrease severity of sepsis (controversial)
- Control of body temperature (an extracorporeal circuit can help control hypo or hyperthermia which is resistant to other methods of control)
- Control of otherwise uncontrollable electrolytes:
- ↑ Ca+ refractory to pamidronate
- Sodium abnormalities resistant to treatment