- No evidence that either small or large bore drains therapeutically superior
- Small-bore drains are recommended as they are more comfortable than larger bore tubes
- Remains intense debate about the optimum size of drainage catheter
Pneumothorax
- Small bore drains usually recommended
- Medium bore drains should be considered for pneumothorax with mechanical ventilation
- Large bore drains should be considered for traumatic pneumothorax where blood may be present in addition to air
- Large bore drains recommended when a drain has failed to resolve a pneumothorax due to excessive air leakage
Pleural effusion (Malignant, parapneumonic or empyema)
- Small bore drains usually recommended
- Medium bore drains should be considered for more viscous fluid
Haemothorax
- Large bore drains recommended for drainage of haemothorax and assessment of ongoing haemorrhage