Symptoms
- Abdominal Pain:
- Epigastric
- Radiates to back
- Severe in nature
- Alleviated by leaning forward
- Nausea
Parenchymal
- Systemic features:
- Tachycardia
- Pyrexia
- Vomiting
- Abdominal distension
- Peritonism
- Signs of retroperitoneal haemorrhage (tracks along tissue planes)
- Grey–Turner’s sign: bruising of the flanks
- Cullen’s sign: peri-umbilical bruising
- Fox’s sign: bruising of the inguinal ligament