What are the advantages and disadvantages of ultrasound imaging?

Advantages Relatively inexpensiveWidely availableCan be performed by the bedsideNon-invasiveNon-ionisingSafe in children and pregnancy Disadvantages Operator dependentCannot image lung or boneNot good for imaging obese patients or deep structuresSpecific issues with...

What is ultrasound used for in anaesthesia and intensive care?

Image Guided Procedures Diagnostic Imaging Monitoring Other Vascular accessPeripheral nerve blockadePleural / peritoneal / pericardial aspiration or drainageAssessment prior to Neuraxial blockadeAssessment of cricothyroid membrane prior to cannulation...

What is the doppler effect used for clinically?

Oesophageal doppler cardiac output monitoring Transcranial doppler monitoring of cerebral blood flow Echocardiography: Assessment of cardiac output Assessment of valvular dysfunction Assessment of diastolic dysfunction Assessment of pulmonary artery pressures Imaging...

Write and explain the Doppler equation?

v = flow velocity (m/s)c = the speed of sound in tissues (m/s)fd = Doppler frequency shift that is received (Hz)cos θ = cosine of the angle between the sound beam and moving fluid (45°)fT = frequency of the transmitted ultrasound from the transducer...