Type
Type
Recommendation
Primary
Congenital
- Bicuspid valve (2% prevalence - typically presents 4th to 6th decade)
- Congenital subaortic membrane
- Other congenital heart disease (e.g. supravalvular stenosis)
Primary
Acquired
- Degenerative (senile) calcification - most common in the UK
- Rheumatic heart disease (usually associated with mitral valve disease)
- Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)
- Paget's disease
- Radiation
- Drugs